Tsoe Loong Li

Profiel

Tsoe Loong Li University of Leiden M.Sc. ICT in Business

Object of the future

My Object of the future is: Bio-diesel

Bio-diesel, a clean burning alternative fuel

What is Bio-diesel? Bio-diesel is a domestic, renewable fuel for diesel engines derived from natural oils like soybean oil, and which meets the specifications of ASTM D 6751 [1]

Made from: Vegetable oils, peanuts, corn, soybean etc….

Why Bio-diesel? - Safer, cleaner alternative to petroleum diesel - Alternative for the continuing increasing oil prices - Experts predicted that gas will be exhausted in 50 years - No engine modifications required, no need to change vehicles, spare parts … - Bio-diesel cuts down on targeted emissions, air pollution

Prices The price of biodiesel in the United States has come down from an average $3.50 per US gallon ($0.92/l) in 1997 to $1.85 per US gallon ($0.49/l) in 2002. [2] A gallon gasoline cost about $2.28/gallon and a gallon diesel is about $2.48 /gallon.

Bio-diesel, a renewable fuel for a cleaner tomorrow! Up till now, there are already 1700 Bio-diesel tank-stations in Germany. The European Union is even setting a goal by 2010 that 5.75% of the total volume of energy usage to come from Bio-diesel. With more research to bring down the cost and product awareness, Bio-diesel is the product for the future!!

Renewable Fuel for a Cleaner Tomorrow!

Internet TV

• How is the current market of TV and internet TV?
  
• Are people ready to accept internet TV?
  
• What are most potential audience’s ages? locations? their expectations?
  
• what is the rime we expect to make Internet TV form a large enough popularity?
  

To answer these question, we did some research on the internet. We found the market analysis of two country: Greek and China. Although it is only 2 country, China have one third of the TV users in the world and is here by very representative of the global TV users. Below are the info of the Greek TV market.
Country Fundamentals of Greek

Equipment

Television Market estimates

TV market of China China has the world’s largest number of cable television subscribers – 115 million by the end of 2004 – and is expected to have 150 million by 2010. According to the latest statistics from State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT) China’s 2,569 broadcasting operators broadcast 2,355 radio programs and 1,255 TV programs by the end of 2004. China’s cable TV network stretches over 4 million kilometers. The value of China’s cable TV equipment market reached $1.6 billion in 2000. Growing at a 45 percent clip, the market is expected to be $12 billion by 2005. The broadcasting and TV equipment sector will continue to be promising over the coming years because the market is still relatively under-developed in China. SARFT has announced that it intends to provide TV services to 90 percent of the population, a feat that will require much more satellite, microwave and optical fiber equipment as well as program production and TV reception equipment.

China has the world’s largest number of cable television subscribers – 115 million by the end of 2004 – and is expected to have 150 million by 2010. Chinese households now own more than 400 million TV sets and they enjoy a standard 50-channel cable selection for an average fee of $2 per month. China TV subscribers occupy one third of the international TV users. It is analyzed that China TV viewers’ demand for TV programming is 9 million hours each year, while the current supply is only 2 to 3 million hours. China’s TV stations such as CCTV and provincial level TV stations plan to launch 50-80 pay TV channels by the end of 2005.

A recently survey reflected seven main behaviors of consumers [2]: • First, consumers look for high-quality programs and regard this as a decisive factor in whether or not to choose digital TV.
• Second, consumers’ complaints focus on too many commercials inserted into programs. This indirectly pushes them to explore new paths to acquire information and entertainment and thus issues a challenge to the current TV model of earning profits.
• Third, most consumers know little about digital TV, which results in insufficient dynamic to foster digital TV markets.
• Fourth, consumers prefer to choose programs by themselves and to avoid commercials rather than enjoying high definition digital TV, which conveys that consumers regard the content as their first preference.
• Fifth, consumers are willing to pay extra charges for news and TV plays in the first place.
• Sixth, it is whether consumers recognize the content and how they evaluate its value that obstructs the popularization of digital TV. Therefore, the satisfaction of experimental users is of vital importance.
• Seventh, many consumers hesitate to accept digital TV for they are waiting to see its perspective in the days ahead.

References: [1] http://europa.eu.int/ISPO/infosoc/telecompolicy/en/Eurorep99gr.pdf
[2] http://www.buyusainfo.net/docs/x_2737062.pdf

Why do we need Internet TV?

One reason of having internet TV is the flexibility of choosing your own program in your timetable. Your are not depend on the schedule of the normal TV. According to the article of Johna Till Johnson [2]. Another reason of IPTV is that there is a new opportunity for new players to create a creative packing and deliver it to the consumers. New players lead to better service towards to customer because of the competition.

What’s the difference between normal TV and Internet TV / How does internet TV work?

Don’t now how the current tv works but internet tv works as follow: Say that’s Consumer Jane there on the couch. She gets digital video from her local telephone company, which sends it to her over a DSL connection (DSL is rooted in IP, Thus, IPTIV is synonymous with sending TV over DSL). Remote in hand, Jane thumb-surfs via the channel-up arrow. The set-top (or media center) that came with the service issues what’s known as a join request. It wants to dip into a precached set of video frames. The request zings up the phone wire, to that buffer. Maybe it’s in an edge aggregator or maybe it’s in the D-slam, or digital subscribe line access multiplexer. Either way, the tuners aren’t inside anything at Jane’s house. The bits that make up the video frame in the buffer zing back into the box. The boxes used by cable and satellite operators use work differently. On-board tuners work by literally jumping frequencies each time somebody invokes a zap with the remote control. Then they need to demodulate the incoming signal, stabilize it and deal with any error-correction activities. If the processing chip isn’t beffy enough, that to do list can bog down. Symptom: slower zapper action

So conclusion you need a lot of bandwidth. [3]

What kind of new innovation had been made in the era of internet TV?I’m not sure of all the new innovations. But I found a couple innovations that can used on Internet TV. On called Mixtv see paper [1]
• Atomic RSS
• BitTorrent
• Dirac
• HTTP
• NSV - Nullsoft Streaming Video, a technology used by AOL to deliver

Internet based video content.
• RSS
• RSS enclosure
• RTSP
• SMIL
• Theora
• TVU networks - Torrent-like live broadcasting TV technology

Who are the key players of internet TV?http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPTV --> vendors

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_tv

Conflict with the government? Still researching

What is the impact of globalization? Pros and cons
Still researching
" (NEW) What is the difference between IPTV, the Internet Protocol-based TV http://www.masternewmedia.org/2005/06/04/iptv_vs_internet_television_key.htm

[1] Samuel Miller, ACM computer in Entertainment, Vol. 3, No.2, April 2005, Article 6A, Taking on the Masses with Mobile Messaging TV

[2] Johna Till Johnson, Journal: Business Source Premier (BSP), Who wants their IPTV?

[3] Ellis, Leslie, Multi Channel News, 2/06/2006, Vol 27 issue 6, p23-24, AN 199642635 BSP, How IPTV differs from Cable TV

Driving Forces

Driving Forces 1

Name:

broadening age span of internet user

Description:

While internet where mainly used by teenagers and business man in the past 10 years. More and more individual knows how to use the internet now. Internet TV therfefore can reach much more people. The number of users has grown from an estimated 38 million in 1994 to 580 million in may 2002.

Enablers:

People now see internet more than just a medium to look for information, but as entertainment as well. New technology make internet faster and cheaper and therefore more people can afford internet

Inhibitors:

Increasing internet control by government for political reason as well as porn

Paradigms:

Internet is no longer seen as information retrieval alone. People use internet for all kind of stuff, like entertainment such as games, music and downloading.Due to the increasingly in use of the internet and the broadening of the age span, more and more new service will emerge.

Timing:

o In 1989, internet was mainly used by governmental agencies, with an estimate of 3900
o In 1999, extension like .com, .org, .net. .edu extension are becoming increasingly populiar. With an estimated totoal of more than 4 million. Country names has also becoming increasingly populair

Web Resources:

o basic net data, Richard T. Griffiths (Leiden University)
o http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/history/ivh/chap5.htm
o http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~zook/domain_names/Domains/international.html
o http://www.gvu.gatech.edu/user_surveys/survey-1998-10/graphs/general/q54.htm

Driving Forces 2

Name:

new technology which make internet faster and cheaper

Description:

Due to the continuosly improvement of internet technology, internet become much faster and cheaper than before.

Enablers:

A factors that strengthen this driving force is the increasing number of users of internet, because of the increasing awareness of the use of the importance of internet.

Inhibitors:

Increasing internet control by government for political reason.

Paradigms:

Internet is no longer seen as information retrieval alone. People use internet for all kind of stuff, like entertainment such as games, music and downloading.Due to the increasingly in use of the internet and the broadening of the age span, more and more new service will emerge.

Timing:

o In januari 1993, leased line was used with a speed of 56 kilobits per second
o In fall 1995, the technology of single T-1 was used. Internet can reach a speed of 1544 kilobits per second
o In fall 1998, multiple T-1 was introduced, speed is twice of the single T-1
o In fall 2002, Fractional DS-3, which can reach the speed of 15000 kilobits per second

Web Resources:

o http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~zook/domain_names/Users/index.html
o http://www.nua.ie/surveys/how_many_online/index.html
o http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~zook/domain_names/
o http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/history/ivh/chap5.htm
o http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Internet
o http://www.cedarville.edu/departments/compserv/historyinternet.htm