Initial Questions - Day 1
- What is the world’s population that is living in “developing” countries?
82.20% (2019)
https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdstat45_FS11_en.pdf
- How is the poverty line defined? | What is the world’s population living below the poverty line?
Globally accepted definition for extreme poverty is a disposable income of <1.90$ per day (2011 price point). | The UN nowcast displays that 8.2% of the world's population live in extreme poverty (2019)
https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2020/goal-01/
- What is the % of employed people & employed women living under extreme poverty line?
7.1% & 7.5% (2019)
https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2020/goal-01/
- What is the global population growth rate?
1.10% (2019)
https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdstat45_FS11_en.pdf
- What are indices to measure equality and gender-equality?
Gini coefficient & palma ratio (income inequality) | GII (Gender Inequality Index)
https://data.oecd.org/inequality/income-inequality.htm | http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/gender-inequality-index-gii
- What is the proportion of world population without access to energy and how is the access supposed to develop?
759 million -> expected to be still 660 million in 2030 (2019) https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2021/06/07/report-universal-access-to-sustainable-energy-will-remain-elusive-without-addressing-inequalities
- What is the proportion of world population with access to decentralised energy (mini-) grids?
11 million (2019)
https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2021/06/07/report-universal-access-to-sustainable-energy-will-remain-elusive-without-addressing-inequalities
- What is the proportion of world population without access to clean cooking?
2.6 billion (~1/3 of world pop.; millions deaths each year from breathing cooking smoke) (2019)
https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2021/06/07/report-universal-access-to-sustainable-energy-will-remain-elusive-without-addressing-inequalities
- What is the proportion of world population without access to safely managed drinking water?
26% (~2 billion) (2020)
https://www.unwater.org/app/uploads/2021/08/PGA_brief_Infographic-scaled.jpg
- What is the proportion of world population living in water-stressed regions?
~29% (2.3 billion) 2020
https://www.unwater.org/app/uploads/2021/08/PGA_brief_Infographic-scaled.jpg
- What is the proportion of the world population living in areas that are above the limit of air pollution?
99% (above WHO air quality guidline levels) 2019
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ambient-(outdoor)-air-quality-and-health
- What is the proportion of world population with access to internet?
56.73% 2019
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?end=2020&start=1960&view=chart
- What is the damage value due to yearly tax evasion?
427 billion USD (whereas developing countries account for ~45 billion USD, which equals 52% of their combined total public health budget) 2020
https://www.globaltaxjustice.org/en/latest/427-billion-lost-tax-havens-every-year
- What is the proportion of the population without access to healthcare?
Around half of world's population 2017
https://www.who.int/news/item/13-12-2017-world-bank-and-who-half-the-world-lacks-access-to-essential-health-services-100-million-still-pushed-into-extreme-poverty-because-of-health-expenses
- What is the proportion of men/women in leadership roles?
"29% of all senior management roles worldwide are occupied by women
87% of global businesses have at least one woman in a senior management position" 2020
https://robertsmith.com/increasing-women-in-executive-leadership-positions-in-2021/
- What is the proportion of men/women in the world population?
49.60% 2020
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS
- How many refugees are there in the world?
23,353,825 people 2020
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.REFG?end=2020&start=1960&view=chart
- What is the ratio of households headed by women?
"USA: Single women = 22.6% (2019) from 17.6% (1990); Married women = 46.1% (2019) from 21.8 (1990)" 1990 - 2019
https://www.urban.org/urban-wire/more-women-have-become-homeowners-and-heads-household-could-pandemic-undo-progress
- What is the proportion of women without access to financial system?
+1billion (about 25%) 2017
https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/news_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/news+and+events/news/bridging+the+gender+gap+in+access+to+finance
- What is the participation of women in the workforce?
57.40% 2019
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/womens-databook/2020/home.htm
- How many unpaid work is done by men and women?
Women: 4h22min/day; Men: 2h15min/day
https://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=54757
- What is the gap between maternity and paternity leave?
Median is 98 days for maternity leave and 5 days for paternity leave. 2019
https://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=54757#
- How many women/indigenous people lack access to multiple contraceptive options or family planning 214 million women globally 2021 https://www.globalfundforwomen.org/what-we-do/gender-justice/reproductive-justice/
- How many women/ indigenous people lack access to safe and affordable abortions?
73M induced abortions globally each year, 45% of which are unsafe, and 97% occurring in developing countries 2021
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/abortion
- How many women/ indigenous people are have access to adequate pregnancy and postpartum care?
Across 16 countries, 1-4% of women in general did not receive antenatal care compared to 3-33% of indigenous population; 2-50% of women in general did not receive skilled attendance at birth compared to 8-62% of indigenous population; 295K women died from maternal causes in 2017 2016, 2021
https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/factsheet_digital_Mar27.pdf; https://www.who.int/health-topics/women-s-health/
- How is women’s health affected by multiple responsibilities at home and at work?
"Depressive disorders account for close to 41.9% of the disability from neuropsychiatric disorders among women compared to 29.3% among men.Leading mental health problems of the older adults are depression, organic brain syndromes and dementias. A majority are women. An estimated 80% of 50 million people affected by violent conflicts, civil wars, disasters, and displacement are women and children.
Lifetime prevalence rate of violence against women ranges from 16% to 50%. At least one in five women suffer rape or attempted rape in their lifetime. Depression, anxiety, psychological distress, sexual violence, domestic violence and escalating rates of substance use affect women to a greater extent than men across different countries and different settings. Pressures created by their multiple roles, gender discrimination and associated factors of poverty, hunger, malnutrition, overwork, domestic violence and sexual abuse, combine Up to 20% of those attending primary health care in developing countries suffer from anxiety and/or depressive disorders. "
- How many women/indigenous people face job discrimination due to family responsibilities?
About four-in-ten working women (42%) in the United States say they have faced discrimination on the job because of their gender 2017
https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/12/14/gender-discrimination-comes-in-many-forms-for-todays-working-women/
- How do health systems support preventative health for women and indigenous people?
1.5B women globally have not been tested for the top 4 most critical diseases 2020
https://hologic.womenshealthindex.com/en/2020-report
- How do health systems support secondary health for women and indigenous people as a result of bearing children and raising families?
500M women report health problems that are not addressed 2020
https://hologic.womenshealthindex.com/Hologic_2020-Global-Women%27s-Health-Index_Full-Report.pdf
- How does access to health affect life expectancy of women and indigenous people?
The gap between men’s and women’s life expectancy is narrowest where women lack access to health services. In low-income countries, where services are scarcer, 1 in 41 women dies from a maternal cause, compared with 1 in 3300 in high-income countries. In more than 90 per cent of low-income countries, there are fewer than 4 nursing and midwifery personnel per 1000 people. 2019
https://www.who.int/news/item/04-04-2019-uneven-access-to-health-services-drives-life-expectancy-gaps-who
- Are women and indigneous people represented appropriately in healthcare decision making?
Just 22 countries have a woman as Head of State, only 21 per cent of Ministers are women, and women parliamentarians make up less than 25 per cent of national legislators. 2021
https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/03/1086702
- What would be the increase in GDP if we bridged the gender gap?
From $12-28 trillion increase to 2025 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What regions would have a substantial impact from bridging the gender gap?
All of them, but particularly India (60%), South Asia (48%) and Middle East & North Africa (47%) 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- How many workers would be potentially added through higher female participation?
240 million 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the female to male ratio of labor force participation rate?
49% vs 76% 2017
http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---inst/documents/publication/wcms_557077.pdf
- What is the perceived wage gap (female to male ratio) for similar work?
-0.55 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the male to female ratio spent of unpaid care work?
0.33 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the percent of married or in-union wowmen aged 15-49 who want to stop or delay childbearing but are not using contraception?
11.70% 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the amount of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births?
135 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the female to male composite ratio of adult literacy rate, secondary education enrollment rate and tertiary education enrollment rate?
0.89 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the female to male composite ratio of account holders at a financial institution?
0.77 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the female to male composite ratio of the rate of internet and mobile users?
0.84 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the extent of protection to women by different legal provisions (right to inherit, access to jobs, etc)?
0.5 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the female to male ratio of representation in parliamentary and ministerial position?
0.2 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the female to male ratio of births?
1.01 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the perent of girls and young women between 15.19 who are married?
11.50% 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the percent of woman who have experienced physical/sexual violence from an intimate partner? 30% 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- How much of the world's GDP is generated by women?
37% 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- How many workers could be potentially added thorugh higher female participation?
240 Million 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is GPS?
The GPS is the Gender Parity score, an aggregate measure to measure how faar a country is from full gender parity, composed of 15 indicators in 4 groups. 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What are the drivers of additional GDP?
Increase in labor force participation rate, increase in hours worked 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the difference between economically active women and men?
655 million fewer women 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the median wage differential between women and men?
-16% 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- What is the difference between adult literacy in women and men?
195 million fewer women 2015
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf
- How many women have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM)?
200 million 2021
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/
- How many women were married under the age of 18?
750 million 2021
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/
- In how many countries does husbands can legally prevent ther wives fron working rights/have different inheritance rights/lack laws to protect them from domestic violence?
18 countries/39 countries/49 countries 2021
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/
- What is the percent of women married/in a union that can freely make their own decisions about sexual relations, contraceptive and health care?
52% 2021
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/
- What is the percent of women that are agricultural land holders?
13% 2021
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/
- How many countries have taken actions to track budget allocations for gender equality?
Over 100 countries 2021
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/
- What is the percentage of MSME (micro, small and medium sized enterprises) run by women?
30% 2018
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/this-is-why-women-must-play-a-greater-role-in-the-global-economy/
- What is the estimated loses (opportunity costs) beceasue of differences in lifetime earnings between women and men?
$160 trillion 2018
https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2018/05/30/globally-countries-lose-160-trillion-in-wealth-due-to-earnings-gaps-between-women-and-men
- What is the cost of the economy of gender gaps in terms of GDP?
15% 2021
https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/economic-empowerment/facts-and-figures
- How many jobs will be affected by automation by 2030?
From 10 to 800 million workers could be potentially displaced by the adoption of automation. 2017
https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/future-of-work/jobs-lost-jobs-gained-what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages
- What share of those will impact women?
From 40 to 160 million women (7-24% of women currently employed vs 8-28% of men currently employed) 2019
https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/gender-equality/the-future-of-women-at-work-transitions-in-the-age-of-automation
- What is the average % of women in senior management roles worldwide?
29% 2019
https://www.catalyst.org/research/women-in-management/
- What is the average % of women elected members in local government bodies?
36% 2020
https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/leadership-and-political-participation/facts-and-figures