Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women live longer than men? And why is this difference growing in the past? The evidence is limited and we're left with only some solutions. Although we know that there are behavioral, biological as well as environmental factors that play an integral role in women's longevity more than males, it isn't clear how much each one contributes.

In spite of the precise weight, we know that at least part of the reason women live so much longer than men today and not previously, has to have to do with the fact that certain important non-biological aspects have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for افضل كريم للشعر men and women. It is clear that all countries are over the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl from every country could be expected to live for longer than her brothers.

The chart above shows that, while the advantage for women exists everywhere, the global differences are significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males; while in Bhutan the difference is less than half a year.

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In the richer countries, the women's advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
We will now examine the way that female advantages in longevity has changed with time. The following chart shows the male and افضل كريم للشعر female life expectancies at the birth in the US during the period 1790-2014. Two distinct features stand out.

First, there's an upward trend: Men and women in the US are living much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's an ever-widening gap: female advantage in life expectancy used be extremely small, but it grew substantially during the last century.

You can check if these points are also applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.