Preventing game piracy: Digital Rights Management

Here is a template to upload driving forces.

Description:

The next generation game consoles are introducing a radical new anti-copying strategy: Digital Rights Management (=DRM). DRM is an umbrella term for any of several arrangements which allows a vendor of content in electronic form to control the material and restrict its usage in various ways that can be specified by the vendor. It is the science, art, and business of managing digital goods so that all of the participants in the digital goods chain win:

• Consumers win by getting a good, perhaps novel product or service at a reasonable price.
• Distribution and infrastructure providers win by getting paid to facilitate the distribution of goods, and perhaps by additional related interactions with their customers.
• Content owners win by getting fairly paid for their efforts, and by having new, innovative distribution channels available to them.

The theory behind DRM is that it tries to prevent illegal copies of a particular console game. But how should this work in practice? At first illegally copied games protected by the system work properly , but start to fall apart after the player has had just enough time to get hooked. As a result, the pirated discs actually encourage people to buy the genuine software, according to the developers. It also makes unauthorised copies of games slowly degrade, so that cars no long steer, guns cannot be aimed and footballs fly away into space. But by that time the player has become addicted to the game. And because players get addicted to the game, they will go out and buy an original version of the game.

Enablers:

• The increasing use of Peer-to-peer technology
  
• Bittorent and bittorent programs
  
• The low costs of DVD recordable
  
• The increasing use of DVD-writers
  
• The increasing use of Modchips and emulators
  
• Digital Millennium Copyright Act
  

Inhibitors:

• Time will lead to introduce new chips and emulators that could crack and disable the DRM in the future
• China as the most dominant piracy market in the world
• Increasing development costs of games

Experts:

Macrovision - developers of DRM game consoles
http://www.macrovision.com/

Timing:

DRM is fairly new that dates , and it started with the introduction of digital technologies. It became possible to produce an essentially perfect copy of any digital recording with minimal effort. With the advent of the personal computer, software piracy became an issue in the 1970s. Development of the Internet in the 1990s virtually eliminated the need for a physical medium to perform perfect transfers of data (such as MP3 formatted songs).

In contrast to the existing legal restrictions which copyright imposes on the owner of a copy, most DRM schemes would enforce additional restrictions to be imposed solely at the discretion of the copyright holder.

DRM vendors and publishers originally coined the term "digital rights management" to refer to these types of technical measures. In contrast, because the "rights" that the content owner chooses to grant are not necessarily the same as the actual legal rights of the content consumer, DRM opponents maintain the phrase "digital rights management" is a misnomer, and that "digital restrictions management" is a more accurate characterization of the functionality of DRM systems. They often cite a famous example of DRM overreach. Adobe Systems released in 2000 a public domain work, Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland, with DRM controls asserting that "this book cannot be read aloud" and so disabling use of the text-to-speech feature normally available in Adobe eBook Reader.

Web Resources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_management
http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn4248
http://www.info-mech.com/what_is_drm.html
http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/D/Di/Digital_Rights_Management.htm