Increase of societal costs of mobility

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   * 1 Maritime Transportation security
   * 2 Enablers:
   * 3 Inhibitors:
   * 4 Paradigms:
   * 5 Experts:
   * 6 Timing:
   * 7 Web Resources:

[edit] Maritime Transportation security

After the terrorist attacks on WTC in Ney York City in 2001, security regulations have increased. Transportation is increasingly confronted with new measures to provide safe and secure transportation of goods. Port security refers to the defense, law and treaty enforcement, and counterterrorism activities that fall within the port and maritime domain. It includes the protection of the seaports themselves, the protection and inspection of the cargo moving through the ports, and maritime security. Internationally, port security is governed by rules issued by the International Maritime Organization and its 2002 International Ship and Port Facility Security Code. Additionally, some U.S.-based programs have become de facto global port security programs, including the Container Security Initiative and the Customs Trade Partnership against Terrorism. [edit] Enablers:

1. Information and Communication Technologies 2. Economies of scale 3. The increasing globalization of markets [edit] Inhibitors:

1. The oil price 2. The financial crisis 3. increased national protectiveness [edit] Paradigms:

Security is becoming a major influence on the way international flow of goods and services is realised. The ability to meet regulatory demands and standards regarding (port)security is crucial is the ability to grow international trade [edit] Experts:

1. Economists 2. Security experts [edit] Timing:

The timing started after 9/11/2001. Security regulation has been rolled out since and is forcing all fields of international transportation to commit to complex [edit] Web Resources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transportation security http://www.imo.org/ http://www.cbp.gov/ http://www.espo.be