Storytelling

Story telling is an ancient human art, which many of us have assigned to professionals -- novels, film-makers, television writers and so on. However, each of us can learn to tell good stories and can use stories to understand intricate situations more completely and to move people to a different understanding of the world in which we live. In this class, we will use the skills of storytelling and oral societies to help us identify a research agenda for creating the scenarios we need.

In preparation for the class on Thursday 4 November, I would like each person to prepare the following:

1) Think of a story that you can tell in 3 minutes.

2) Think of a saying that is still in use.

3) Think of an unwritten law you have seen working in your family or your workplace or school.

4) Think of something in society around you that you have noticed but cannot explain. This should be something that you know is important because it gives you a physical sensation, such as a tingling in your spin, or a twitch between your shoulder blades or a punch in your stomach.

5) Finally, if you could ask the Oracle at Delphi anything about the future of the internet, what would you like to know?

Two national, civil society scenario projects you might find interesting can be found on the web at:

[1] Tanzania [2]Kenya

Take a look. Can you tell which one of these was the first project we did in East Africa?

See you all tomorrow evening,

Barbara Heinzen

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CLASS PLAN - storytelling & scenario research 4 November 2004

Warm up exercises 1)Blind-men’s hands inarticulate knowledge, unique & intricate

2)Tell 2 stories (3 minutes each) Which held our attention best? Why?

Introduction

1)oral v literate societies log-hammer-chisel-saw: which is the odd one out?

2)Scenarios as a political process: the politics of learning Assembly line research versus pragmatic integrating research

3)Scenarios and the facilitation of learning using the skills of oral society Good scenario work requires good facilitation for learning

Who is this for? 1)Who is this for? Is there an imaginary client: person & organisation?

2)What do we/the client want to achieve? Why are scenarios needed? Organisational cohesion? Managing uncertainty? Shared learning?

3)What is the official future? In this group of people? What important assumptions about the future and the ways things work does this client make? Existing plans, myths & stories – what do they tell us?

Asking good questions

1)Collect on three different walls/white boards Sayings Unwritten laws Oracle questions

2)Silently study all three walls separately & together What do we notice? What do we learn?

3)What research questions should we ask?

BREAK!

Storytelling & the “Felt Sense” Work in 3-4 small groups The Felt Sense – your physical response to intricacy. See [3]for more information about using the Felt Sense to understand intricate situations.

1)Write down & share all “Felt Sense” observations in group A felt sense observation is something you have noticed, to which your body reacts, but you cannot explain (Put each observation out, visibly, once it has been explained. Keep observations visible to help develop your group’s story)

2)Use all the “Felt Sense” observations to create 1 group story

3)Tell your story to the rest of the class

4)What research questions fall out from these stories?

What Research Agenda & Organising Question? NOTE: THIS DISCUSSION DID NOT TAKE PLACE AS WE RAN OUT OF TIME

1)What are the most interesting questions? By logic By gut feel – ‘felt sense’

2)How best might you answer the different questions? What approaches?

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ONE PAGE ASSIGNMENT

Contribute to the WIKI

1)please put all ‘felt sense questions on the wiki

2)where the notes have survived, please put the story illustrating these questions on the wiki

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GROUP Daan, JuanCarles, Katsuya, Lars and Ute

• Felt sense questions

Lars: Why are som many people in Denmark so scared of Denmark being or turning into a multicultural society?

Ute: Why do people in Germany think so negatively about the consequences of the economic downturn and why do they not believe in their own influencing power?

Daan: Why are people in the Netherlands increasingly collectively depressed after a disaster or accident that takes place in society?

JuanCarles:...

Katsuya: Why do people in Japan tend to consider world real pain as a virtual one or somebody else's problem?

• Story

A Japanese travelling around the world. He first arrives in Denmark. What do the people say here?

The Japanese arrives in Denmark. Thrilled and enthused by the great countryside, the clean and small country, Lego, the little mermaid, and the beautiful cities, he turnes to a Danish person and asks: "I really enjoy your country and I would like to stay here permanently! Is that all right with you?". The Dane hesitates for a moment and then responds: "You know, I would really like to help, but I'm somewhat scared of you. You don't look like us, you don't talk like us, you don't have the same habbits and not even God knows what kind of damage you can cause in our country. It is probably better that you spend some time here as a tourist, take many photos and enjoy our hospitality. You are more than welcome to do that, but then you need to move on and leave again! Why don't you try our friends downs souht, the Germans. They are friendly to foreigners .... I think?

Then he decides to go to Germany. He assumes that everything will be in order there and he is looking forward. But unfortunately the economic downturn has influenced the people severely. Everyone is complaining about the difficulties to find and maintain a job, to have enough money and to secure the overall wealth. People fear the consequences of the downturn so much that they are all in a deep depression.

Then the Japanese traveler asks: “Where should I go next?” The German responds that he should go to the Netherlands, since that country is well known for its hospitality, tolerance and open-mindedness. The Dutch would definitely welcome him friendly and treat him in a good manner. The Japanese traveler thus takes the train to the Netherlands and sees from the window a flat and green landscape. And many cows. He gets off in Amsterdam and walks from the railway station towards the city center, the Dam. A couple of hundred meters later he gets stuck in a massive crowd, all cheering and making a lot of noise. Strange the traveler thinks, and he asks a person what is going on in the city. “Is there a party or something?” “No, to the contrary” the Dutchman says. “We are all protesting as someone was shot today because he spoke for what he thought (filmmaker Theo van Gogh was killed by a Muslim fundamentalist). Apparently, people don’t have the freedom of speech anymore in Holland. Therefore, we are angry!” The Japanese then asks: “Do you think it would be wise for me to stay here?” The Dutchman responds that in his opinion he should immediately leave as this country is not as tolerant as it used to be. Strange, the traveler thinks, a country with such a reputation in such depressed mood.

“So, where should I go next?” he asks. The Dutchman responds that he should go to South, Spain, since in that country the sun always shines and life is good. Thus the Japanese traveler takes the plain to Madrid to get some positive energy. No knowing what to expect and experience he met a spanish person during his visit to the coutry. The Spanish told him that he was pretty disapointed of the recent news he got from the newspaper. Some terrist attack was prepared some days ago, and as a consequence a person die. All the media attention was in this poor victim, and a lot of politicians were discussing on the last days what to do to improve the situtation and to finnish the activity of the terrorist group ETA. But the Spannish man was reflecting about the value of the life, because at the same time that this victim of the terrorism died, other hundreds of persons die on subdevelop countries as a counsequence of lack of basic medice and food, and they do not get any attention and any european politician is speaking about them. The Japanese understood that was not environment that he wanted for the furute.

Finally he goes back home to Japan. Life, it seemed to him, was very safe and secure in Japan. However, he has found that Cabinet Office survey was showing that 55.9% of Japanese thought that Japan was not a safe or secure country to live in anymore. For example, it is common knowledge among Japanese people that crime in Japan has been increased and drugs in Japan are fast becoming a social problem. Moreover, according to the Japanese government, if present population trends continue, by the end of the next millennium, Tokyo will be a ghost town, and Japan will be empty. The country's population will be just 500 by the year 3000, and just one by 3500. When that person dies, the Japanese nation will be no more - a mathematical CERTAINTY if Japanese women carry on having just 1.4 children each on average. He really wants to know what will happen in future Japan and in the future world. (to be continued in the scenario thinking)

Group: Eser, Stian, Amedeo, Edo, Katsushi and Frederik

Felt-sense questions:

Eser: What are the potential cultural and social risks that will be faced by small countries, as a result of their membership of large, highly developed and individualistic communities.

Edo: Why do people, even in the most developed communities, insist to vote for incapable administrators and governors?

Amedeo: Why can't people see incapability and selfish attitude of governors that affect the fate of huge populations?

Stian: Why are people so careless about each other, very individualistic and lacking service orientation, even in very developed societies like the Netherlands.

Katsushi: Why do people have severe security issues even in very developed communities?

Frederik: Why do people in less developed countries/communities seem to have more respect than people in very developed societies?

STORY:

There was a young girl who has grown in a small village but heard a lot about the amazing stories about the life in a big and developed city. Then she decided to move to a developed city to experience that magical life.. She left her family, her

!!Amedeo!!!

Group: Claudie, Lucia, Luis, Kelly, Mari, Mike

Paul walks around Oasis Green, a suburb outside of Urbanville, in his Louis Vuitton Kevlar bubble. Paul and his girlfriend, Sally, always wear their bubbles since now there is the constant threat of being shot by terrorists or their unprivileged neighbors, not to mention the skin-eating acid rain and cancerous UV rays. Inside their designer bubbles, they throw “live for the moment” parties, complete with champagne and caviar. Since they never know when the end might be, they live for today and enjoy the moment.

Their political leader, Narciscos Machiavellius, encourages this fear of everything everywhere since his family owns the exclusive worldwide patent to Kevlar and is currently running the only factory in the world producing the in-demand Kevlar bubbles.

On the other side of Paul and Sally’s street, Division Street, lives Dishon Jones. Dishon does not wear a designer Kevlar bubble, but instead bought his bubble at the dollar store on the corner. Dishon and his friends are throwing back 40s of Colt 45 (malt liquor) in their own version of a “live for the moment” party. They cower in a corner on the sidewalk because they do not want to put their bubbles to the test -- everyone knows that bubbles from the dollar store are only about 5% Kevlar at best. It starts to rain, and Dishon pours Colt 45 on his burns from the acid rain that is eating through his $.99 blue-light special bubble….

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ONE PAGE ASSIGNMENT FOR EVERYONE

3)Look at all the sayings, unwritten laws, questions for the Oracle and your own group’s “felt sense” questions and story.

4)What are the critical research questions you need to ask as you shape your scenario work?

Please put your research questions here. Research questions

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CLASS NOTES OF WHAT WE DISCUSSED

Class notes – Storytelling – 4 November 2004 RSM

Who is this scenario exercise for? What is his ‘Official Future’?

IT IS FOR DANIEL (& for us)

DANIEL’S OFFICIAL FUTURE WORLD WILL BE RULED BY WIKI HE WILL GET HIS BOOK PUBLISHED HE WILL BE THE NEXT DEAN OF RSM HE WILL STILL COMMUTE FROM AMSTERDAM HE WILL HAVE ENOUGH HAIR TO PUT IN A PONYTAIL

Our official future MBAs lead to better jobs Economy will be same in 2 months More volatile economy in next 5 years World will be a more dangerous place in next 5 years (a minority voice – it will be safer)

What do we want to achieve with this scenario exercise?

       WHAT DANIEL WANTS:
       WRITE A BOOK

PUBLISH ARTICLES IN THE FT WANTS THE CLASS TO LEARN HOW TO DO SCENARIOS WANTS TO TEST THE WIKI

What we want to achieve? Learn to do scenarios so I can apply it later Be convinced this is really good so I can convince my org. In several years time, can I see that we got it right? Sell this technique to McKinsey or Boston Consulting Pass the class Become foremost experts re the Internet

List common sayings, unwritten laws & questions to the oracle at Delphi

SAYINGS 1. You better have one bird in the hand than 10 in the sky (dutch) 2. Don’t make a storm in a water glass 3. When it rains it pours 4. Turkish: Ates olmayan yerden duman cikmaz (if there is smoke, there is always fire) 5. Taking old cows from the ditch (bringing up old business unnecessarily) 6. End of the road, bombs to the eyebrows, terminal – (Israeli slang expressions for something that is great) 7. What’s up! (American ad for beer) 8. Whether you can make things happen depends on the fate instead of yourself. 9. Even a rich man can fall. 10. Even a monkey can fall from the trees. (both expressions warning people to take care, to not slip up) 11. Si vis pacem, para bellum (plan for peace prepare for war) 12. Big words and fat meat don’t get stuck in the throat. 13. When it rains on the priest it drips on the clerk. 14. L’habit de fait pas le moine. – Appearances are sometimes deceptive, don’t judge by appearances. 15. Spuhe-mi cuaine te admir, ca sa’-ti spun cine esti. Tell me who are your true friends in for order for me to tell you who you really are. 16. No diguis que esta acabat fins que no hi siqui al sac I beu eliagat. (don’t say it is finished until it is in the bag and well tied. 17. Don’t make a mountain out of a molehill (Dutch equivalent: don’t make an elephant out of a fly) 18. Don’t sell the hide until you skin the bear. 19. It’s as simple as that … isn’t it?

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UNWRITTEN LAWS 1. Jante (Scandinavian expression to say no one should think he/she is better than anyone else, even when very fortunate) 2. Eat whatever’s in the fridge/ don’t plan for meals 3. Wash your hands after a bathroom visit 4. Standing in a queue is entirely optional (Israel) 5. Father and mother always sit at the same place when eating. 6. Respect elderly people 7. When your girlfriend asks, “Do these jeans make me look fat?” Always say No! 8. Never sit next to a stranger if there is a free seat somewhere else. 9. If the doorbell rings unexpectedly, we’re not at home. 10. Always put the toilet seat down. 11. Never challenge your boss in public 12. Use underwear 13. Say thank you when people give you something. 14. Always complain about life even if you are enjoying it! 15. It’s a taboo not to buy drinks when you are in a ‘round’! 16. Raise your hand if you want to speak in class 17. Appealing to Big boss without saying to Supervisor, requires/leads you to ‘harakiri’.

QUESTIONS FOR THE ORACLE 1. Is it going to be widely available in undeveloped countries? 2. Will there be fore SPAM mail? 3. Who will control the internet? 4. What is the future of the internet? 5. Will we ever be able to separate our personal lives from the internet or will it keep on following us? 6. Will we be able to work at home in the next 5 year period? 7. Will we be using IfFi-based mobile phones in 5 years time? 8. What will be the dominant language on the Internet? 9. Will we need human memory in the futre (2015) or will it simply be stored on the internet? 10. In the next five years, when does the stock price of Google reach the highest point and when lowest? 11. Will Hillary be president in 2008? 12. Is the internet a sustainable tool? Won’t there be another one that will revolutionize again the way we communicate, live, do business? 13. How are anonymous chat websites controlled?

What research agenda do we see from these exercises?

Research questions based on sayings & unwritten laws

1. How might social interaction be replaced by the internet? 2. How do you build trust on the internet? 3. When, how might the internet have its own saying, because it has become a natural part of our lives? 4. Mala hierba saying è Watch out for hackers! What is the future of hacking? 5. Appearances are deceptive è What will be the meaning of identify on the internet? 6. Will internet change anyone’s beliefs? 7. Will there be laws for the internet (written and unwritten)? 8. Unwritten internet law: don’t send questionable content to a work email address, but to hotmail address instead.