Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women have a longer life span than men? And how the advantage has grown over time? The evidence is limited and كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام we're only able to provide partial solutions. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women have longer life spans than men, however, we do not know how much the influence to each of these variables is.

We know that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. However this isn't because of certain biological factors have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, all countries are above the diagonal parity line ; this means in all countries a newborn girl can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

It is interesting to note that although the female advantage exists everywhere, the country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the difference is only half a year.

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The advantage for women in terms of life expectancy was lower in the richer countries than it is today.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The following chart shows the life expectancy of males and كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام females at birth in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two points stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Men and women in the US live a lot, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's a widening gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used to be quite small, but it grew substantially in the past century.

You can check if these are applicable to other countries with data by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.