Why Do Women Have Longer Lives Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason why women live longer than men? And how the advantage has grown in the past? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to draw an unambiguous conclusion. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women have longer lives than men, however, we do not know how strong the relative contribution to each of these variables is.

We are aware that women live longer than men, regardless of their weight. But this is not due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are over the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl from any country can anticipate to live longer than her older brother.

The chart below shows that although women have an advantage in all countries, the differences across countries can be significant. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan there is a difference of only half a year.

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The advantage women had in life expectancy was less in the richer countries than it is now.
Let's look at how the gender advantage in life expectancy has changed over time. The next chart shows male and female life expectancies at birth in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two aspects stand out.

There is an upward trend: Men and ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور women in the US live much, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in life expectancy used to be very modest however, it has increased significantly over the last century.

You can check if these principles are also applicable to other countries with data by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.