Difference between revisions of "China script"
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= Background = | |||
For centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences, but in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. After World War II, the Communists under MAO Zedong established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. After 1978, MAO's successor DENG Xiaoping and other leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled. For much of the population, living standards have improved dramatically and the room for personal choice has expanded, yet political controls remain tight. China since the early 1990s has increased its global outreach and participation in international organizations.<br> | For centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences, but in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. After World War II, the Communists under MAO Zedong established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. After 1978, MAO's successor DENG Xiaoping and other leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled. For much of the population, living standards have improved dramatically and the room for personal choice has expanded, yet political controls remain tight. China since the early 1990s has increased its global outreach and participation in international organizations.<br> | ||
= Populaton: = | |||
Today, China's population is over 1.3 billion, the largest in the world (19.5% of world population[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population]). China plans to conduct its sixth national population census in 2010. According to CIA World Factbook 2010,[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html#People], China's population will be over 1.4 billion. However, China now has an increasingly aging population because of "one child" policy; it is projected that 11.8% of the population in 2020 will be 65 years of age and older. Besides, India's population might overtake China's population in 2030. [http://trak.in/tags/business/2007/05/24/india-and-china-population-a-blessing-in-disguise/]<br><br> | Today, China's population is over 1.3 billion, the largest in the world (19.5% of world population[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population]). China plans to conduct its sixth national population census in 2010. According to CIA World Factbook 2010,[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html#People], China's population will be over 1.4 billion. However, China now has an increasingly aging population because of "one child" policy; it is projected that 11.8% of the population in 2020 will be 65 years of age and older. Besides, India's population might overtake China's population in 2030. [http://trak.in/tags/business/2007/05/24/india-and-china-population-a-blessing-in-disguise/]<br><br> | ||
[[File:China population.jpeg]]<br> | [[File:China population.jpeg]]<br> | ||
= Economy = | |||
China's economy during the past 20 years has changed from a centrally planned system that was largely closed to international trade to a more market-oriented economy that has a rapidly growing private sector and is a major player in the global economy. <br><br> | China's economy during the past 20 years has changed from a centrally planned system that was largely closed to international trade to a more market-oriented economy that has a rapidly growing private sector and is a major player in the global economy. <br><br> | ||
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In 2009, the global economic downturn reduced foreign demand for Chinese exports for the first time in many years. The government vowed to continue reforming the economy and emphasized the need to increase domestic consumption in order to make China less dependent on foreign exports for GDP growth in the future.<br> | In 2009, the global economic downturn reduced foreign demand for Chinese exports for the first time in many years. The government vowed to continue reforming the economy and emphasized the need to increase domestic consumption in order to make China less dependent on foreign exports for GDP growth in the future.<br> | ||
= China in the international stage = | |||
=EU= | == EU == | ||
=WTO | == WTO == | ||
= China's climate change policy = | |||
In 2006, China announced that by 2010 it would decrease energy intensity 20% from 2005 levels. <BR><BR> | |||
In 2009, China announced that by 2020 it would reduce carbon intensity 40% from 2005 levels.<br><BR> | |||
The Chinese government seeks to add energy production capacity from sources other than coal and oil, and is focusing on nuclear and other alternative energy development. <br> | The Chinese government seeks to add energy production capacity from sources other than coal and oil, and is focusing on nuclear and other alternative energy development. <br> | ||