Difference between revisions of "Increase of societal costs of mobility"

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    * 1 Maritime Transportation security
Increase of Societal costs of mobility
    * 2 Enablers:
Description:
    * 3 Inhibitors:
The Netherlands has to deal with excessive increase on the mobility of its population. Since the 1985 car use has increase with 54%. The distance traveled per day per person in average has gone up from 25 km to 35 km.  An increase in the mobility has not only brought advantages to the Dutch society but also disadvantages which harm the society.  The most visible disadvantage is travel time loss due the increasing traffic jams and delays. Other examples are the increase in risk to be involved in a traffic accident and the damage done in living environments due increasing emissions. Table 1 gives a overview of the societal costs.
    * 4 Paradigms:
Tabel 1, societal costs 2008
    * 5 Experts:
Societal Costs ( in billions EUR)
    * 6 Timing:
Congestion 2.8-3.6
    * 7 Web Resources:
Traffic accidents 10.5-13.6
Environmental damage 2.0-8.5
Total 15-25.6
However the government is trying to reduce the congestion, the costs of congestion rose mainly because of the increasing car usage. Total cost of the congestion is 15 % of the total societal costs.  In the last 10 years the travel time loss due traffic jams on high ways increased with 55%.  Most of the travel time loss can be explained by the increase of the population, jobs and car owners.
Enablers:
Inhibitors:


[edit] Maritime Transportation security


After the terrorist attacks on WTC in Ney York City in 2001, security regulations have increased. Transportation is increasingly confronted with new measures to provide safe and secure transportation of goods. Port security refers to the defense, law and treaty enforcement, and counterterrorism activities that fall within the port and maritime domain. It includes the protection of the seaports themselves, the protection and inspection of the cargo moving through the ports, and maritime security. Internationally, port security is governed by rules issued by the International Maritime Organization and its 2002 International Ship and Port Facility Security Code. Additionally, some U.S.-based programs have become de facto global port security programs, including the Container Security Initiative and the Customs Trade Partnership against Terrorism.
Paradigms:
[edit] Enablers:
Most of the societal costs of mobility is caused by the increase of car usage. As more Dutch residents use cars to drive back and forward to work traffic jams/delays increases and thus also the time loss, environmental damage and risks of accidents. As most Dutch residents drive to offices to sit behind a computer it could be possible to think of system whereby gross of the Dutch population will work mainly from home or from mobile offices near their residential areas. This reduces the congestion on the roads and with that the societal costs.
 
Another way of thinking could be to transform the Dutch society which is created around the car to a society where public transport will be the main transport mean. Public transport will be setup in way that no additional travelling to public transport stations is needed. Public transport will be organized from home to home.  This will avoid infinite car/bike parks along the stations.
1. Information and Communication Technologies 2. Economies of scale 3. The increasing globalization of markets
Experts:
[edit] Inhibitors:
Wubbo Ockels
 
Camiel Eurlings
1. The oil price 2. The financial crisis 3. increased national protectiveness
Timing:
[edit] Paradigms:
 
and transport projects
Security is becoming a major influence on the way international flow of goods and services is realised. The ability to meet regulatory demands and standards regarding (port)security is crucial is the ability to grow international trade
[edit] Experts:
of mobility increased to 26 billion EUR
 
Web Resources:
1. Economists 2. Security experts
http://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/kennisinstituut-voor-mobiliteitsbeleid/nieuws/2007/06/12/verkeersgroei-bleek-mogelijk-ondanks-toename-files.html
[edit] Timing:
http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=37362&D1=3&D2=0&D3=9-22&VW=T
 
http://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten-en-publicaties/rapporten/2009/07/03/mobiliteitsbalans-2009%5B3%5D.html
The timing started after 9/11/2001. Security regulation has been rolled out since and is forcing all fields of international transportation to commit to complex
http://www.tudelft.nl/live/pagina.jsp?id=f51868f8-2bad-4f43-b22a-d864e926b389
[edit] Web Resources:
 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transportation security http://www.imo.org/ http://www.cbp.gov/ http://www.espo.be

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