Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women have a longer life span than men? What is the reason does this benefit increase as time passes? The evidence isn't conclusive and we're left with only incomplete answers. Although we know that there are biological, psychological and environmental factors that play an integral role in women's longevity more than males, we aren't sure the extent to which each factor plays a role.

In spite of how much number of pounds, we know that at least part of the reason women live so much longer than men today however not as in the past, has to relate to the fact that several important non-biological aspects have changed. What are these changing factors? Some are well known and علامات الحمل بولد relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, علامات الحمل بولد so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl in every country can expect to live longer than her brother.

The chart below shows that although women have an advantage everywhere, cross-country differences could be significant. In Russia, women live 10 years more than men. In Bhutan the difference is less that half a year.

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In wealthy countries, the women's advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The next chart plots male and female life expectancies when they were born in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two areas stand out.

There is an upward trend. as well as women in the US live much, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was extremely small It has significantly increased over time.

You can confirm that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries with data by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.