View source for Current Issues in Broadband

==Questions on Current Issues in Broadband==

===What are the current applications using broadband?===

[[Image:Emule.png|thumb|100px|right|[http://www.emule.org eMule] is the biggest file sharing network on the Internet with millions of users, but is it legal?]]

The current applications that will be affected by a speed increase are

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downloading Downloading]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sharing File Sharing]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_radio Internet Radio] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_tv Internet TV]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_on_demand Video on Demand]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mmorpg MMORPG]

===What is the current broadband penetration?===

The current broadband penetration in OECD countries (December 2005) is 13.6% of the population. The growth rate of the penetration was 15% in 2005. The top 4 countries are Iceland, Korea, The Netherlands and Denmark with penetration rates over 25%. In real number, the country with the largest amount of subscriber is the USA. The lowest penetration rate is granted to Greece with 1.4%. The EU 15 averages at 14.2% penetration.

There is a significant difference in Internet penetration between developed and developing countries. The table shows the estimates of broadband usage per 100 inhabitants and the number of total subscribers in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oecd OECD] countries.

{| border="1" align="center"
|+ Broadband subscribers per 100 inhabitants, by technology, December 2005
! !! DSL !! Cable !! Other !! Total !! Rank !! Total Subscribers 
|-
! Iceland
| 25.9 || 0.1 || 0.6 || 26.7 || 1 || 78.017
|-
! Korea 
| 13.6 || 8.3 || 3.4 || 25.4 || 2 || 12.190.711
|-
! Netherlands
| 15.7 || 9.6 || 0.0 || 25.3 || 3 || 4.113.573
|-
! Denmark
| 15.3 || 7.2 || 2.5 || 25.0 || 4 || 1.350.415
|-
! Switzerland
| 14.7 || 8.0 || 0.4 || 23.1 || 5 || 1.725.446
|-
! Finland
| 19.5 || 2.8 || 0.1 || 22.5 || 6 || 1.174.200
|-
! Norway
| 17.8 || 2.9 || 1.2 || 21.9 || 7 || 1.006.766
|-
! Canada
| 10.1 || 10.8 || 0.1 || 21.9 || 8 || 6.706.699
|-
! Sweden
| 13.3 || 3.4 || 3.6 || 20.3 || 9 || 1.830.000
|-
! Belgium
| 11.3 || 7.0 || 0.0 || 18.3 || 10 || 1.902.739
|-
! Japan
| 11.3 || 2.5 || 3.8 || 17.6 || 11 || 22.515.091
|-
! United States
| 6.5 || 9.0 || 1.3 || 16.8 || 12 || 49.391.060
|- 
! United Kingdom
| 11.5 || 4.4 || 0.0 || 15.9 || 13 || 9.539.900
|-
! France
| 14.3 || 0.9 || 0.0 || 15.2 || 14 || 9.465.600
|- 
! Luxembourg
| 13.3 || 1.6 || 0.0 || 14.9 || 15 || 67.357
|-
! Austria
| 8.1 || 5.8 || 0.2 || 14.1 || 16 || 1.155.000
|- 
! Australia
| 10.8 || 2.6 || 0.4 || 13.8 || 17 || 2.785.000
|-
! Germany
| 12.6 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 13.0 || 18 || 10.706.600
|- 
! Italy
| 11.3 || 0.0 || 0.6 || 11.9 || 19 || 6.896.696
|- 
! Spain
| 9.2 || 2.5 || 0.1 || 11.7 || 20 || 4.994.274
|- 
! Portugal 
| 6.6 || 4.9 || 0.0 || 11.5 || 21 || 1.212.034
|-
! New Zealand
| 7.3 || 0.4 || 0.4 || 8.1 || 22 || 331.000
|-
! Ireland
| 5.0 || 0.6 || 1.1 || 6.7 || 23 || 270.700
|- 
! Czech Republic
| 3.0 || 1.4 || 2.0 || 6.4 || 24 || 650.000
|-
! Hungary
| 4.1 || 2.1 || 0.1 || 6.3 || 25 || 639.505
|- 
! Slovak Republic
| 2.0 || 0.4 || 0.2 || 2.5 || 26 || 133.900
|-
! Poland 
| 1.6 || 0.7 || 0.1 || 2.4 || 27 || 897.659
|-
! Mexico 
| 1.5 || 0.6 || 0.0 || 2.2 || 28 || 2.304.520
|- 
! Turkey 
| 2.1 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 2.1 || 29 || 1.530.000
|-
! Greece 
| 1.4 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 1.4 || 30 || 155.418
|- 
! OECD 
| 8.4 || 4.2 || 1.0 || 13.6 || || 157.719.880
|}
 
=== Who are the main players in broadband supply?===

In each of the separate countries, the national telecom provider is the main player for broadband diffusion, especially for DSL connections. Nevertheless, with the increased penetration of other techniques such as cable, fiber optic, satellite and wireless, new players come into play, often offering broadband internet in a bundle of products (Satellite/ cable TV, telecoms, etc.)
 
===What are the main bottlenecks to broadband diffusion?===

Regional disparities, Transition to ‘real’ broadband, Security, Energy Consumption (an internet firewall consumes more energy per household than a clothes dryer), 

===How is the internal rivalry among the main players?===

Broadband players have taken different strategies to gain and retain customers. While phone companies have developed a “pricing strategy” based on high discounts, cable companies have develop a “value service oriented” strategy. For many years phone companies have been challenging cable operators to cut down prices of the services affecting Cable operators revenues. On the other hand cable operators have responded increasing the services. The competition between these two types of companies increased even more when cable companies started to offer telephone service along with television and high-speed Internet service.

== Sources ==

[http://www.oecd.org/document/39/0,2340,en_2649_34225_36459431_1_1_1_1,00.html OECD Broadband Statistics, December 2005]