View source for Initial Questions - Day 1

*What is the world’s population that is living in “developing” countries? <br> 82.20%	(2019)<br> 	https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdstat45_FS11_en.pdf

*What is the poverty line? & What is the world’s population living below the poverty line? <br>  1.90$ per day (2011 price point) as extreme poverty & 8.2%	 (2019)<br> 	https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2020/goal-01/

*What is the % of employed people & employed women living under poverty line? 	<br>7.1% & 7.5%	2019	<br>https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2020/goal-01/

*What is the global population growth rate?	<br>1.10%	2019	<br>https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdstat45_FS11_en.pdf

*What are indices to measure equality and gender-equality? <br> 	Gini coefficient & palma ratio (income inequality) | GII (Gender Inequality Index)		<br>https://data.oecd.org/inequality/income-inequality.htm | http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/gender-inequality-index-gii

*What is the proportion of world population without access to energy and how will it develop?  	<br>759 million -> 660(e) million in 2030	2019	https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2021/06/07/report-universal-access-to-sustainable-energy-will-remain-elusive-without-addressing-inequalities

*What is the proportion of world population with access to decentralised energy (mini-) grids? <br> 	11 million	2019 <br>	https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2021/06/07/report-universal-access-to-sustainable-energy-will-remain-elusive-without-addressing-inequalities

*What is the proportion of world population without access to clean cooking? <br>	2.6 billion (~1/3 of world pop.; millions deaths each year from breathing cooking smoke)	2019	<br>https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2021/06/07/report-universal-access-to-sustainable-energy-will-remain-elusive-without-addressing-inequalities

*What is the proportion of world population without access to safely managed drinking water? <br>	26% (~2 billion)	2020	<br>https://www.unwater.org/app/uploads/2021/08/PGA_brief_Infographic-scaled.jpg

*What is the proportion of world population living in water-stressed regions? <br>	~29% (2.3 billion)	2020	<br>https://www.unwater.org/app/uploads/2021/08/PGA_brief_Infographic-scaled.jpg

*What is the proportion of the world population living in areas that are above the limit of air pollution? <br> 	99% (above WHO air quality guidline levels)	2019	<br>https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ambient-(outdoor)-air-quality-and-health

*What is the proportion of world population with access to internet? <br> 	56.73%	2019	<br>https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?end=2020&start=1960&view=chart

*What is the damage value due to yearly tax evasion?	<br>427 billion USD (whereas developing countries account for ~45 billion USD, which equals 52% of their combined total public health budget)	2020	<br>https://www.globaltaxjustice.org/en/latest/427-billion-lost-tax-havens-every-year

*What is the proportion of the population without access to healthcare?	<br>Around half of world's population	2017	<br>https://www.who.int/news/item/13-12-2017-world-bank-and-who-half-the-world-lacks-access-to-essential-health-services-100-million-still-pushed-into-extreme-poverty-because-of-health-expenses

*What is the proportion of men/women in leadership roles? <br>	"29% of all senior management roles worldwide are occupied by women
87% of global businesses have at least one woman in a senior management position"	2020<br>	https://robertsmith.com/increasing-women-in-executive-leadership-positions-in-2021/

*What is the proportion of men/women in the world population? 	<br>49.60%	2020	<br>https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS

*How many refugees are there in the world? <br>	23,353,825 people	2020	<br>https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.REFG?end=2020&start=1960&view=chart

*What is the ratio of households headed by women? <br>	"USA: Single women = 22.6% (2019) from 17.6% (1990); Married women = 46.1% (2019) from 21.8 (1990)"	1990 - 2019	<br>https://www.urban.org/urban-wire/more-women-have-become-homeowners-and-heads-household-could-pandemic-undo-progress

*What is the proportion of women without access to financial system? <br>	+1billion (about 25%)	2017	<br>https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/news_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/news+and+events/news/bridging+the+gender+gap+in+access+to+finance

*What is the participation of women in the workforce?	<br>57.40%	2019	<br>https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/womens-databook/2020/home.htm

*How many unpaid work is done by men and women?	<br>Women: 4h22min/day; Men: 2h15min/day		<br>https://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=54757

*What is the gap between maternity and paternity leave?	<br>Median is 98 days for maternity leave and 5 days for paternity leave.	2019	<br>https://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=54757#

*How many women/indigenous people lack access to multiple contraceptive options or family planning	214 million women globally	2021	https://www.globalfundforwomen.org/what-we-do/gender-justice/reproductive-justice/

*How many women/ indigenous people lack access to safe and affordable abortions?<br>	73M induced abortions globally each year, 45% of which are unsafe, and 97% occurring in developing countries	2021	<br>https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/abortion

*How many women/ indigenous people are have access to adequate pregnancy and postpartum care?	<br>Across 16 countries, 1-4% of women in general did not receive antenatal care compared to 3-33% of indigenous population; 2-50% of women in general did not receive skilled attendance at birth compared to 8-62% of indigenous population; 295K women died from maternal causes in 2017	2016, 2021	<br>https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/factsheet_digital_Mar27.pdf; https://www.who.int/health-topics/women-s-health/

*How is women’s health affected by multiple responsibilities at home and at work?<br>	"Depressive disorders account for close to 41.9% of the disability from neuropsychiatric disorders among women compared to 29.3% among men.Leading mental health problems of the older adults are depression, organic brain syndromes and dementias. A majority are women. An estimated 80% of 50 million people affected by violent conflicts, civil wars, disasters, and displacement are women and children.
Lifetime prevalence rate of violence against women ranges from 16% to 50%.
At least one in five women suffer rape or attempted rape in their lifetime.
Depression, anxiety, psychological distress, sexual violence, domestic violence and escalating rates of substance use affect women to a greater extent than men across different countries and different settings. Pressures created by their multiple roles, gender discrimination and associated factors of poverty, hunger, malnutrition, overwork, domestic violence and sexual abuse, combine Up to 20% of those attending primary health care in developing countries suffer from anxiety and/or depressive disorders. "		

*How many women/indigenous people face job discrimination due to family responsibilities? <br>About four-in-ten working women (42%) in the United States say they have faced discrimination on the job because of their gender	2017	<br>https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/12/14/gender-discrimination-comes-in-many-forms-for-todays-working-women/

*How do health systems support preventative health for women and indigenous people?<br> 	1.5B women globally have not been tested for the top 4 most critical diseases	2020	<br>https://hologic.womenshealthindex.com/en/2020-report

*How do health systems support secondary health for women and indigenous people as a result of bearing children and raising families?<br>	500M women report health problems that are not addressed	2020	<br>https://hologic.womenshealthindex.com/Hologic_2020-Global-Women%27s-Health-Index_Full-Report.pdf

*How does access to health affect life expectancy of women and indigenous people?<br> 	The gap between men’s and women’s life expectancy is narrowest where women lack access to health services. In low-income countries, where services are scarcer, 1 in 41 women dies from a maternal cause, compared with 1 in 3300 in high-income countries. In more than 90 per cent of low-income countries, there are fewer than 4 nursing and midwifery personnel per 1000 people.	2019	<br>https://www.who.int/news/item/04-04-2019-uneven-access-to-health-services-drives-life-expectancy-gaps-who

*Are women and indigneous people represented appropriately in healthcare decision making?<br>	Just 22 countries have a woman as Head of State, only 21 per cent of Ministers are women, and women parliamentarians make up less than 25 per cent of national legislators.   	2021	<br>https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/03/1086702

*What would be the increase in GDP if we bridged the gender gap? <br>	From $12-28 trillion increase to 2025	2015<br>	https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What regions would have a substantial impact from bridging the gender gap? 	<br>All of them, but particularly India (60%), South Asia (48%) and Middle East & North Africa (47%)	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*How many workers would be potentially added through higher female participation? 	<br>240 million	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the female to male ratio of labor force participation rate? 	<br>49% vs 76%	2017	<br>http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---inst/documents/publication/wcms_557077.pdf

*What is the perceived wage gap (female to male ratio) for similar work? 	<br>-0.55	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the male to female ratio spent of unpaid care work? <br>0.33	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the percent of married or in-union wowmen aged 15-49 who want to stop or delay childbearing but are not using contraception?<br>	11.70%	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the amount of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births?<br>	135	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the female to male composite ratio of adult literacy rate, secondary education enrollment rate and tertiary education enrollment rate?<br>	0.89	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the female to male composite ratio of account holders at a financial institution?<br>	0.77	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the female to male composite ratio of the rate of internet and mobile users?<br>	0.84	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the extent of protection to women by different legal provisions (right to inherit, access to jobs, etc)?<br>	0.5	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the female to male ratio of representation in parliamentary and ministerial position?<br>	0.2	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the female to male ratio of births?<br>	1.01	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the perent of girls and young women between 15.19 who are married?<br>	11.50%	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the percent of woman who have experienced physical/sexual violence from an intimate partner?	30%	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*How much of the world's GDP is generated by women?	<br>37%	2015<br>	https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*How many workers could be potentially added thorugh higher female participation?	<br>240 Million	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is GPS?	<br>The GPS is the Gender Parity score, an aggregate measure to measure how faar a country is from full gender parity, composed of 15 indicators in 4 groups.	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What are the drivers of additional GDP?<br>	Increase in labor force participation rate, increase in hours worked	2015<br>	https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the difference between economically active women and men?<br>	655 million fewer women	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the median wage differential between women and men?	<br>-16%	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*What is the difference between adult literacy in women and men?<br>	195 million fewer women	2015	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20advancing%20womens%20equality%20can%20add%2012%20trillion%20to%20global%20growth/mgi%20power%20of%20parity_full%20report_september%202015.pdf

*How many women have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM)?	<br>200 million 	2021	<br>https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/

*How many women were married under the age of 18?	<br>750 million	2021	<br>https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/

*In how many countries does husbands can legally prevent ther wives fron working rights/have different inheritance rights/lack laws to protect them from domestic violence?<br>	18 countries/39 countries/49 countries	2021	<br>https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/

*What is the percent of women married/in a union that can freely make their own decisions about sexual relations, contraceptive and health care?	<br>52%	2021	<br>https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/

*What is the percent of women that are agricultural land holders?	<br>13%	2021	<br>https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/

*How many countries have taken actions to track budget allocations for gender equality?<br>	Over 100 countries	2021	<br>https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/

*What is the percentage of MSME (micro, small and medium sized enterprises) run by women?	<br>30%	2018	<br>https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/this-is-why-women-must-play-a-greater-role-in-the-global-economy/

*What is the estimated loses (opportunity costs) beceasue of differences in lifetime earnings between women and men?	<br>$160 trillion	2018<br>	https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2018/05/30/globally-countries-lose-160-trillion-in-wealth-due-to-earnings-gaps-between-women-and-men

*What is the cost of the economy of gender gaps in terms of GDP?	<br>15%	2021	<br>https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/economic-empowerment/facts-and-figures

*How many jobs will be affected by automation by 2030? 	<br>From 10 to 800 million workers could be potentially displaced by the adoption of automation. 	2017	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/future-of-work/jobs-lost-jobs-gained-what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages

*What share of those will impact women? 	<br>From 40 to 160 million women (7-24% of  women currently employed vs 8-28% of men currently employed)	2019	<br>https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/gender-equality/the-future-of-women-at-work-transitions-in-the-age-of-automation
			
*What is the average % of women in senior management roles worldwide? 	<br>29%	2019	<br>https://www.catalyst.org/research/women-in-management/

*What is the average % of women elected members in local government bodies? 	<br>36%	2020	<br>https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/leadership-and-political-participation/facts-and-figures