Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so longer than men in the present and why is this difference growing in the past? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to draw an unambiguous conclusion. While we are aware that there are behavioral, biological, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور and environmental factors which play a significant role in women living longer than men, we do not know how much each one contributes.

It is known that women are living longer than men, regardless of weight. But, this is not due to the fact that certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal parity line - it means that in all nations that a baby girl can be expected to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for women is present everywhere, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than men; in Bhutan the gap is just half an hour.

__S.17__
__S.19__
In the richer countries, the female advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's look at how the female advantage in life expectancy has changed over time. The chart below illustrates the men and women's life expectancies at the time of birth in the US in the years 1790 to 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

There is an upward trend: Men as well as women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be extremely small however it increased dramatically in the past century.

You can check if the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have data by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.