Why Do Women Have Longer Lives Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? Why is this difference growing over time? The evidence isn't conclusive and we only have partial answers. We know there are behavioral, biological as well as environmental factors that all play a role in women living longer than males, it isn't clear the extent to which each factor plays a role.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least a portion of the reason women live so much longer than men do today but not previously, has to be due to the fact that a number of key non-biological factors have changed. What are these changing factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, اضيق وضعية للجماع (glorynote.com) there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, اضيق وضعية للجماع especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that every country is over the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl in all countries can anticipate to live longer than her brother.

This chart illustrates that, although women have an advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries could be significant. In Russia women are 10 years older than men, while in Bhutan the gap is just half one year.

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In wealthy countries, the longevity advantage for women was previously smaller.
Let's look at how the advantage of women in terms of longevity has changed over time. The following chart shows the male and female life expectancy when they were born in the US between 1790 until 2014. Two areas stand out.

First, there is an upward trend: Men and women in the US live much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is increasing: While the female advantage in terms of life expectancy was quite small but it has risen significantly over time.

You can verify that these points are also applicable to other countries with data by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.