Why Do Women Have Longer Lives Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason why women have a longer life span than men? Why the advantage has grown over time? The evidence isn't conclusive and we only have partial answers. We know there are behavioral, biological and environmental variables that all play a role in women's longevity more than men, we don't know what percentage each factor plays in.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least part of the reason why women live so much longer than men however not as in the past, is to relate to the fact that certain important non-biological aspects have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is over the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl from any country can anticipate to live longer than her brother.

This chart shows that, although there is a women's advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries are often significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men, while in Bhutan the difference is just half an hour.

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In the richer countries, the advantage of women in longevity used to be smaller
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The next chart plots male and female life expectancies when they were born in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two things stand اضيق وضعية للجماع out.

First, there's an upward trend. Men as well as women in the US are living much, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

And second, there is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be extremely small, but it grew substantially over the course of the last century.

You can confirm that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have data by selecting the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.