Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? And why is this difference growing as time passes? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to support an unambiguous conclusion. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women have longer lives than men, However, افضل شامبو وبلسم we're not sure what the contribution of each of these factors is.

In spite of the weight, we know that at least part of the reason why women live so much longer than men but not in the past, has to relate to the fact that certain fundamental non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl in every country can expect to live longer than her older brother.

This chart shows that, although there is a women's advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries could be significant. In Russia women have a longer life span than men. In Bhutan the difference is less than half an hour.

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The female advantage in terms of life expectancy was lower in developed countries than it is now.
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the male and female lifespans when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two specific points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Women and men in the United States live longer than they used to a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was once extremely small, it has increased substantially over time.

Using the option 'Change country by country' in the chart, check that these two points are also applicable to other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.