Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women have a longer life span than men? And how is this difference growing as time passes? There isn't much evidence and we're left with only partial solutions. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women have longer life spans than men, كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام However, we're not sure what the contribution of each factor is.

It is known that women are living longer than men, regardless of their weight. But, this is not because of certain biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line - which means that in every country the newborn girl is likely to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

The chart below shows that even though women enjoy an advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries can be substantial. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan, the difference is less that half a year.

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The advantage for women in life expectancy was smaller in the richer countries than it is now.
Let's examine how the advantage of women in life expectancy has changed over time. The following chart shows the men and كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام women's life expectancies at birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two points stand out.

There is an upward trend. Women and men in America have longer lives than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in life expectancy used to be quite small however it increased dramatically over the course of the last century.

By selecting 'Change Country' on the chart, you are able to check that these two points also apply to the other countries having available data: Sweden, France and the UK.