Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason why women have a longer life span than men? And how the advantage has grown as time passes? We only have partial evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to reach an unambiguous conclusion. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors play a role in the fact that women are healthier than men; however, we aren't sure what the contribution to each of these variables is.

It is known that women are living longer than men, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور regardless of weight. However this isn't due to the fact that certain biological factors have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are over the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl in all countries can expect to live longer than her brothers.

The chart above shows that while the female advantage is present everywhere, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than males; while in Bhutan the gap is less than half a year.

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The advantage women had in terms of life expectancy was lower in rich countries than it is now.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart plots male and female life expectancy when they were born in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct points stand out.

There is an upward trend. Women and men living in America are living longer than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was once tiny however, it has grown significantly in the past.

You can verify that these principles are also applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور and Sweden.