Difference between revisions of "Development of Standards"
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
International standards are standards developed by international standards organizations. By definition, international standards are suitable for universal, worldwide use. | |||
International standards may be used either by direct application or through adoption, a process of modifying an international standard to suit local conditions. The adoption of international standards results in the creation of equivalent, national standards that are substantially the same as international standards in technical content, but may have editorial differences as to appearance, use of symbols and measurement units, substitution of a point for a comma as the decimal marker, and differences resulting from conflicts in governmental regulations or industry-specific requirements caused by fundamental climatic, geographical, technological, or infrastructural factors, or the stringency of safety requirements that a given standard authority considers appropriate. | |||
International standards is one way of overcoming technical barriers in international commerce caused by differences among technical regulations and standards developed independently and separately by each nation, national standards organization, or company. Technical barriers arise when different groups come together, each with a large user base, doing some well established thing that between them is mutually incompatible. Establishing international standards is one way of preventing or overcoming this problem. | |||
== Enablers == | == Enablers == | ||
Revision as of 23:27, 5 March 2007
Breadcrumbs: The Future of Ubiquitous Computing --> Driving Forces: Technological Forces --> Development of Stadards
Description
International standards are standards developed by international standards organizations. By definition, international standards are suitable for universal, worldwide use.
International standards may be used either by direct application or through adoption, a process of modifying an international standard to suit local conditions. The adoption of international standards results in the creation of equivalent, national standards that are substantially the same as international standards in technical content, but may have editorial differences as to appearance, use of symbols and measurement units, substitution of a point for a comma as the decimal marker, and differences resulting from conflicts in governmental regulations or industry-specific requirements caused by fundamental climatic, geographical, technological, or infrastructural factors, or the stringency of safety requirements that a given standard authority considers appropriate.
International standards is one way of overcoming technical barriers in international commerce caused by differences among technical regulations and standards developed independently and separately by each nation, national standards organization, or company. Technical barriers arise when different groups come together, each with a large user base, doing some well established thing that between them is mutually incompatible. Establishing international standards is one way of preventing or overcoming this problem.
Enablers
Inhibitors
Paradigms
Experts
International Standards Organizations
There are many international standards organizations, but the three international organizations having the highest international recognition are the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All three of these have existed for more than 50 years (founded in 1947, 1906, and 1865, respectively) and they are all based in Geneva, Switzerland.
National Standards Bodies
In general, each country or economy has a single recognized Standards Body (NSB). Examples include ABNT, ANSI, BSI, DGN, DIN, IRAM, JISC, KATS, SABS, SAC, SCC, SIS, SNZ. An NSB is likely the sole member from that economy in ISO.