Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men in the present and how does this benefit increase over time? There is only limited evidence and ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور the evidence is not sufficient to reach an unambiguous conclusion. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women have longer life spans than men, but we don't know exactly what the contribution of each of these factors is.

We know that women are living longer than men, regardless of weight. But it is not because of certain non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl in every country can anticipate to live longer than her brothers.

This chart is interesting in that it shows that although the female advantage exists everywhere, the global differences are significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males; while in Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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In countries with high incomes, the women's advantage in longevity was not as great.
Let's examine how the female advantage in longevity has changed over time. The following chart shows the male and female life expectancies at birth in the US in the years 1790-2014. Two aspects stand out.

First, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور there is an upward trend: Men as well as women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be very small however, it has grown significantly over time.

If you select the option "Change country in the chart, you will be able to confirm that the two points are also applicable to the other countries with available data: Sweden, France and the UK.