Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? Why has this advantage gotten larger over time? The evidence is sketchy and we're left with only limited solutions. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women live longer than men; However, we're not sure what the contribution of each one of these factors is.

We know that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. But it is not due to the fact that certain biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, افضل شامبو وبلسم there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for افضل شامبو وبلسم men and women. As we can see, all countries are above the diagonal parity line - this means in all countries that a baby girl can be expected to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

This chart is interesting in that it shows that although the female advantage exists across all countries, the difference between countries is huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than men, while in Bhutan the gap is just half each year.

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The advantage for women in terms of life expectancy was lower in countries with higher incomes that it is today.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the male and female lifespans when they were born in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two things stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Men and women in the United States live longer than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was once extremely small, it has increased substantially with time.

When you click on the option "Change country by country' in the chart, you are able to verify that these two points also apply to other countries that have available information: Sweden, France and the UK.