Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men? And how does this benefit increase as time passes? The evidence is sketchy and we have only partial solutions. While we are aware that there are biological, behavioral as well as environmental factors which play a significant role in women living longer than men, we do not know what percentage each factor plays in.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least part of the reason why women live so much longer than men today however not as previously, is to relate to the fact that a number of important non-biological aspects have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and زيوت تطويل الشعر relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For زيوت تطويل الشعر example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are over the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl in every country can be expected to live for longer than her younger brother.

This graph shows that although there is a women's advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries are often significant. In Russia, women live 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan, the difference is only half a year.

__S.17__
__S.19__
In rich countries the women's advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's examine how the advantage of women in longevity has changed over time. The chart below shows male and female life expectancies at the time of birth in the US from 1790 until 2014. Two points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Men as well as women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The second is that there is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in life expectancy used to be very modest however, it has increased significantly in the past century.

If you select the option "Change country' on the chart, you will be able to determine if these two points apply to other countries that have available data: Sweden, France and the UK.